What is prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell, their structures and differences???

Meaning of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell and their differences are given below in points:-

 #On the basis of complexity of cells, they are divided into two groups. They are

1.Prokaryotic cell

2.Eukaryotic cell

Fig:-Prokaryotic cell. 

• Prokaryotic cell.

 

-->A cell which posses developed nucleus and membrane bounded cell organelles is considered as Eukaryotic cell. The genetic material I.e DNA is found in nucleoplasm of nucleus.The nucleus is bounded by nuclear membrane and contains nucleolus . DNA contains histone proteins. 

1. Pro: primitive or first, Karyon:Nucleus. They are primitive (not well developed)in structure.
2. They don't have nuclear membrane(outermost covering of nucleus).
3. Most of the membrane bounded cell organelles such as mitochondria, nucleus,Lysosome,Ribosome, Endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi apparatus,etc are absent in it.
4. It is smaller in size.
5. It is generally found in unicellular microorganisms.
6. In prokaryotic cell,DNA are single threaded(only one strand).
7. In this case,respiration system is performed by respiratory chain, mesosome and chromatophore.
8. It's size ranges from 100 to 2000 nm. 
9. In this cell transcription and translation takes place in cytoplasm.
10. Cell division takes place by amitosis. 
11. Centrioles are absent. 
12. Examples:- Nostoc , Bacteria,etc.

• Eukaryotic cell

 -->A cell which contains primitive nucleus and lacks the membrane bound cell organelles is considered as a prokaryotic cell. The genetic material is found in the form of naked DNA without histone protein and lies free in the cytoplasm. The nucleus of prokaryotic cell is not enclosed by nuclear membrane(outer most covering of Nucleus) and also lacking Nucleolus. 

1. EU: Developed, Karyon : Nucleus .It is advance(well developed)in structure.
2. It has nuclear membrane.
3. Most of the membrane bounded cell organelles such as Mitochondria,nucleus,Lysosome,Ribosome, Endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi apparatus,etc are present in it.
4. It is bigger in structure.
5. It is present in developed organisms
6. In Eukaryotic cells, DNA is double threated(double stranded)
7. in this case respiration system is performed by mitochondria and cytoplasm.
8. It's size ranges from 10,000 to 1,00,000 nm. 
9. In this cell transcription takes place in nucleus and translocation takes place in cytoplasm. 
10. Cell division takes place by mitosis, meiosis or amitosis. 
11. Centrioles are present. 
12. Examples:-Human cells,Birds cells,etc.

Fig :-Eukaryotic cell